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si 3 n 4 chips  (Norcada Inc)
95
Norcada Inc si 3 n 4 chips
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Si 3 N 4 Chips, supplied by Norcada Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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of20kn  (Deben UK Ltd)
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Deben UK Ltd of20kn
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Of20kn, supplied by Deben UK Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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b v co  (Miltenyi Biotec)
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Miltenyi Biotec b v co
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
B V Co, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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macswell four imaging frame  (Miltenyi Biotec)
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Miltenyi Biotec macswell four imaging frame
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Macswell Four Imaging Frame, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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microplate 96 wells (8x12w) with white rigid frame  (OneLab Solutions)
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OneLab Solutions microplate 96 wells (8x12w) with white rigid frame
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Microplate 96 Wells (8x12w) With White Rigid Frame, supplied by OneLab Solutions, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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frame rate camera  (Excelitas corp)
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Excelitas corp frame rate camera
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Frame Rate Camera, supplied by Excelitas corp, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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si3n4 chips  (Norcada Inc)
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Norcada Inc si3n4 chips
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Si3n4 Chips, supplied by Norcada Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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frames  (Norcada Inc)
95
Norcada Inc frames
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Frames, supplied by Norcada Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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frame seal slide chambers adhesive  (Bio-Rad)
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Bio-Rad frame seal slide chambers adhesive
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Frame Seal Slide Chambers Adhesive, supplied by Bio-Rad, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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macswell four imaging frame miltenyi biotec b v co  (Miltenyi Biotec)
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Miltenyi Biotec macswell four imaging frame miltenyi biotec b v co
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.
Macswell Four Imaging Frame Miltenyi Biotec B V Co, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.

Journal: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

Article Title: Multifunctional bending magnet beamline with a capillary optic for X-ray fluorescence studies of metals in tissue sections

doi: 10.1107/S1600577526000925

Figure Lengend Snippet: Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1 ( c ) taken at per-pixel dwell time t dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of = 2.8 × 10 6 photons µm −2 – see Section 3 ) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si 3 N 4 under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si 3 N 4 window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection ≃ 0.05 µg cm −2 for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many ‘false-positive’ pixels in the empty Si 3 N 4 window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968 ), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1 for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.

Article Snippet: The sections were then transferred to Si 3 N 4 chips (NX5200, Norcada) previously affixed to glass slides by Kapton tape.

Techniques: Concentration Assay